8613480627251I. Material Name
II. Test Method
1. Test Principle
This test employs an accelerated life testing method for titanium anodes, based on electrolysis at high current density in a sulfuric acid solution.
During the test, the anodes under evaluation are placed in a sulfuric acid electrolyte of a specific concentration and temperature, and subjected to electrolysis at a constant anodic current density. The cell voltage is continuously monitored; a rapid and significant rise in voltage is defined as the failure point. The cumulative electrolysis time from the start of the test until failure is recorded.
By comparing the failure times of different anodes, their relative service life under the specified accelerated test conditions can be evaluated.
2. Test Apparatus and Equipment
The primary apparatus and equipment required for the test are as follows:
(1) Electrolytic Vessel
A 500 mL beaker is used as the electrolytic vessel.
(2) Anode Under Test
The test specimen shall be taken directly from the anode used in the equipment under evaluation and subjected to necessary preparation. A portion of the active surface coating is removed via mechanical processing so that the specimen retains an effective reaction area of (1.0 cm² ± 5%), calculated based on the projected area.
(3) Cathode
The cathode shall be made of 1Cr18Ni19Ti stainless steel.
If the anode under test is plate-shaped, a plate-type cathode shall be used.
If the anode under test is tubular, a ring-shaped cathode shall be used.
The effective conductive area of the cathode must be greater than the effective reaction area of the anode.
The distance between the anode and the cathode shall be no less than 1 cm.
(4) DC Power Supply
A DC constant-current power supply with a rated output current greater than 5 A shall be used to ensure a stable current throughout the test.
(5) Current and Voltage Measuring Instruments
DC ammeters and voltmeters with an accuracy class of 0.5 shall be used to monitor and record the current and cell voltage during the test.
(6) Temperature Control Equipment
A precision thermostatic water bath shall be used, with temperature control accuracy maintained within ±1°C, to ensure a stable test temperature.
3. Test Conditions
The test shall be conducted under the following specified conditions:
| Test Item | Specified Parameters |
| Electrolyte | 1.0 N sulfuric acid solution (H₂SO₄; reagents must comply with the GB 625 standard, as per the original test requirements) |
| Electrolyte Temperature | 40℃ ± 1℃ |
| Anode Current Density | 20,000 A/m² |
| Effective Anodic Reaction Area | 1.0 cm² ± 5% |
| Anode-Cathode Spacing | Not less than 1 cm |
| Power Supply Type | DC constant-current power supply |
| Accuracy of Current and Voltage Meters | Class 0.5 |
| Cell Voltage Recording Interval | Once every 48 hours |
Note: The parameters above represent accelerated test conditions as defined by this test method; they should not be directly equated to the normal operating conditions or the actual service life of titanium anodes in industrial equipment.
4. Test Procedure
Step 1: Set up the test apparatus
Pour the prepared 1.0 N sulfuric acid solution into a 500 mL beaker. Position the anode and cathode as specified, ensuring that the active working surfaces of both electrodes are fully submerged in the electrolyte and that the required inter-electrode distance is maintained.
Step 2: Heat and stabilize the electrolyte temperature
Activate the constant-temperature water bath and maintain the electrolyte temperature at 40°C ± 1°C. Once the temperature has reached the specified level and stabilized, switch on the DC constant-current power supply.
Step 3: Set and maintain the test current
Calculate and set the test current based on the effective reaction area of the anode and the specified current density. Ensure the current remains as constant as possible throughout the electrolysis process, and continuously monitor the electrolyte temperature.
For an anode with an effective reaction area of 1.0 cm² and a current density of 20,000 A/m², the test current should be approximately 2.0 A.
Step 4: Maintain electrolyte level and concentration
Periodically check the electrolyte level and condition during the electrolysis process. Add distilled water and an appropriate amount of sulfuric acid as needed to maintain the required electrolyte level and concentration. All additions must be performed in accordance with laboratory safety protocols and under safe operating conditions.
Step 5: Record test data periodically
Every 48 hours, record the cumulative electrolysis time, electrolysis current, and cell voltage. Additionally, document any abnormal phenomena and relevant environmental parameters to facilitate the analysis of trends in electrode performance.
Step 6: Determine test termination criteria
When the cell voltage begins to rise rapidly and significantly, terminate the test and record the cell voltage at the time of termination, the cumulative electrolysis time, and other relevant data. Step 7: Calculation of Failure Time in Accelerated Life Testing
The cumulative electrolysis time—measured from the moment power is applied at the start of the test until the cell voltage exhibits a rapid, significant rise (at which point the test is terminated)—is defined as the failure time of the tested anode under the specified accelerated life testing conditions.
5. Test Results and Evaluation
Upon completion of the testing, the cumulative electrolysis time, current, and cell voltage variations for each anode should be compiled, and the failure times of the different samples should be compared.
Given consistent test conditions and uniform criteria for determining failure, a longer failure time for a sample generally indicates superior service life performance under these accelerated testing conditions.
It should be noted that accelerated life testing is an accelerated evaluation method. The results are primarily intended for comparing the relative performance of different electrodes under specified conditions and cannot be directly converted into a service lifespan for actual industrial operating environments. To evaluate the actual service life, a comprehensive analysis must be conducted, incorporating factors such as the specific electrolyte system, operating current density, temperature, and on-site operational data.
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